Ans. Qualitative data refers to categories or labels that describe qualities or characteristics rather than quantities. Nominal data is used to label or categorize items without implying any order.
Ans. Structured Data is organized and formatted for easy searching and analysis; examples include data in spreadsheets and traditional databases. Unstructured Data is more free-form and doesn't fit into a specific format.
Ans. A spreadsheet is a digital application or software tool that organizes, analyzes, and stores data in tabular format. It is composed of a grid of rows and columns, with each intersection forming a cell.
Ans. A backup is a copy of important data or files stored separately from the original, used to protect against data loss.
Ans. NoSQL stands for 'Not Only SQL' and refers to a variety of database technologies designed to handle different types of data that may not fit well into traditional databases.
Ans. Data pre-processing is the initial and important step in working with data. It involves cleaning and organizing data for analysis.
Ans. Ordinal data represents categories with a meaningful order, though the differences between categories are not uniform.
Ans. Data science is the branch of knowledge in which computer programming skills along with mathematics and statistics are used to extract meaningful information from a collection of data.
Ans. A computer system is a fundamental and important part of modern life. It has revolutionized the way we work, communicate, learn, and entertain ourselves. In today's world, we are surrounded by a lot of data, which may be on our computer system or otherwise.
Ans. Big data plays a significant role in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem by enabling the collection, storage, processing and analysis of massive volumes of data generated by IoT devices. IoT devices generate continuous data.
Ans. Data visualization is the graphical representation of data to get meaningful insights, trends, and patterns from data. The visual elements which help in data visualization are charts, graphs, maps, figures, and dashboards.
Ans. These include websites, databases, and digital tools where you can find and collect information. For example, if you're researching the most popular pets, you might use the internet to find statistics or articles about pet ownership.
Ans. It is a method of collecting information from individuals. The basic purpose of a survey is to collect data to describe different characteristics such as usefulness, quality, price, kindness, etc.
Ans. Primary Data Collection: Involves the collection of original data directly from the data source or via direct interaction with the respondent. Secondary Data Collection: Involves data collection using existing data collected by someone else for some purpose. Such data is usually available in the form of published material like research papers, books, websites, etc.
Ans. Data collection is the systematic process of gathering, documenting, and organizing data from a variety of sources to extract significant insights, facilitate informed decision-making, or allow for rigorous analysis.
Ans. Data Science plays a crucial role in determining the placement of various products in various shelves of the supermarket. Data science involves gathering, analyzing, and interpreting large amounts of data to find patterns and useful information.
Ans. Summary statistics provide information about the data in a sample. It can help understand the values better. It may include the total number of values, minimum value, maximum value, along with the mean value and the standard deviation corresponding to a data collection.
Ans. Statistics is the analysis of the frequency of past events and probability is to predict the likelihood of future events. Statistics is used in various fields such as science, business, economic, social sciences, and more, to understand patterns, trends, and relationships within data.
Ans. E-commerce, short for electronic commerce, refers to the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet. It encompasses a wide range of online transactions, including retail sales, business-to-business (B2B) transactions, online auctions, and digital downloads of products like software, music, and books.
Ans. The three Vs of big data are: Volume: Refers to the amount of data. Big data deals with huge volumes of low-density, unstructured data. Velocity: Refers to the speed of data, which is the fast rate at which data is received. Variety: Refers to the various formats and types of data that are available. Traditional data types were structured and fit neatly in a relational database.
Ans. Predictive Maintenance: It is a maintenance strategy that uses the analysis of existing data to predict when equipment, machinery, or a product is likely to fail. Fraud and Compliance: Big data analytics can identify and detect unusual suspicious patterns and anomalies.
Ans. The range is the simplest measure of spread. It is the difference between the highest and lowest values. For example, for the test scores 60, 75, 83, 91, and 95, the range is 95-60=35.
Ans. Variance measures how spread out the values are from the mean. It gives a sense of how much the values in a dataset vary from the mean.
Ans. Qualitative data refer to categories or labels used to describe the qualities or characteristics of something rather than its quantity. Quantitative data consists of numbers used to measure the quantity or amount of something. These data types answer questions like 'How much?' or 'How long?'.
Ans. Continuous data consists of values that can take any number within a given range, including fractions or decimals. Examples include student heights (150.5 cm, 160.2 cm), fruit weights (1.5 kg, 2.2 kg), and room temperatures (22.5°C, 23.7°C). It is considered continuous because it can be measured and can take on any value within a range.
Ans. Questionnaires are similar to surveys but are often written forms that people fill out. They usually have a set of questions that need to be answered. Surveys or questionnaires would be appropriate for collecting opinions from a large group about a new school policy.
Ans. The number of students in your class is quantitative (numerical) data, specifically discrete data, because it represents a countable quantity.
Ans. Proper organization saves time. Think about searching for a book in a messy room versus a neatly arranged bookshelf. Similarly, when data is organized, it's easier to find and analyze. Organization helps identify patterns, trends, and relationships in the data more efficiently.
Ans. Google Forms is a free tool from Google that helps you create surveys and collect responses online. Advantages include easy distribution, automatic data collection and organization, real-time response tracking, and accessibility from any device with internet connection.
Ans. Data integration involves combining information from different sources to get a complete perspective. It helps in: 1. Organizing Data: Put all your saved information into one place, such as a document or spreadsheet. 2. Compare and Merge: Review data from different sources and find common themes. Integration provides a more comprehensive view of the subject being studied.
Ans. When a school organizes social activities and wishes to track the number of students who attend each one, discrete data would be more relevant than continuous data, as it deals with countable whole numbers of participants.
Ans. Data visualization is important because it makes understanding data much easier. Imagine trying to understand a list of hundreds of numbers. It's tough, right? But when those numbers are displayed as a bar chart, it's much easier to see what's going on. Visualization helps identify patterns, trends, and outliers in complex data that might be difficult to detect in raw numerical form.
Ans. Line graphs, often known as line charts or line plots, are data visualization tools. They are a type of graph that depicts data in graphical format, making the raw data more intelligible. Line graphs are particularly useful for showing trends over time. Example: A chart displaying the number of students in a class that attend school every day for a week, showing attendance patterns over time.
